Sri Lankans elect a new President on Saturday in a ‘finely balanced’ race between the early favourite, former defence chief Gotabaya Rajapaksa, and government Minister Sajith Premadasa, who has gained momentum in recent weeks.
Sri Lankan police and election officials load ballot boxes and papers into buses from a distribution centre to polling stations, ahead of the country’s Presidential election scheduled on November 16
The election comes amid a deep slump in the country following Easter Sunday attacks on hotels and churches by Islamist militants that killed over 250 people and sharpened tensions between majority Sinhalese and minority Muslims.
Added to that are long-standing grievances of ethnic Tamils, who say they are still to get justice stemming from the human rights violations during a 26 year civil war with Tamil rebels, especially at the closing stages when a U.N. panel says around 40,000 people were killed.
Gotabaya, who over-saw the military rout of Tamil fighters under his brother, then President Mahinda Rajapaksa, has campaigned on a platform of national security, playing on the fears of Sinhalese Buddhists following the April attacks claimed by Islamic State.
Premadasa has sought to fire up the countryside with promises of free housing, school uniforms for students and sanitary pads for women – touching on a topic rarely discussed in public but which has drawn women to his rallies.
Both frontrunners in a field of 35 candidates said they will seek a balance in Sri Lanka’s political and economic ties with China and India that have competed for influence in the island that sits near busy shipping lanes.
However, Rajapaksa and his family are seen closer to China, which has led post-civil war reconstruction.
There are no opinion polls but political strategists in the two main campaigns, the minority parties and political analysts say the race has become much closer in recent weeks.
Initially, Rajapaksa was strongly favoured but Premadasa is seen to have closed in on him in the final two weeks of the campaign, they say.
An internal assessment shared by a government Minister who is supporting the Premadasa campaign shows an edge over Rajapaksa after initially trailing him. But Keheliya Rambukwella, the spokesman for the Rajapaksa campaign, told Reuters on Friday the team was confident of winning.
The election is now “finely balanced” between the two frontrunners, Eurasia said in a note. While Gotabaya is banking on the support of the Sinhalese, Premadasa has been assured the support of Tamil parties who strongly oppose a return of the Rajapaksas.
Muslims are also concerned they would be targeted in large-scale surveillance and raids that a Gotabaya Presidency might bring.
“The prospect of a new Rajapaksa Presidency has heightened ethnic tensions and raised fears among minorities and democratic activists,” said Alan Keenan from the International Crisis Group.
About 16 million people are eligible to vote on Saturday with the ballot allowing voters to choose up to three candidates in order of preference.
Votes will be counted soon after polling stations close that evening but the results are not expected before today, Sunday.
Anyone who gets over 50 percent of votes as first choice will win. If there is no clear winner, authorities will hold a second round of counting to determine the winner through preference votes.
One of the challenges the new President will face is to service Sri Lanka’s foreign debt, which stands at 45% of its gross domestic product.
A quarter of the debt is owed to China, which has raised fears of a loss of sovereignty after Sri Lanka was forced to hand over control of the giant Hambantota port in a debt-for-equity swap with Beijing in 2017.
“The management of debt is going to be a challenge, we are still paying the interest on the loans we have taken, we have to start paying the principal, the repayments will rise,” said Health Minister Rajitha Senaratne who is on Premadasa’s campaign.
Growth hit a 17-year low of 3.2 percent in 2018, and the IMF has forecast expansion to fall to 2.7% in 2019 as the Easter Sunday attacks dented tourism and broader business activity.
“Given the headwinds facing the economy, we think growth will struggle whoever wins,” said Capital Economics in a note. There might be a slight nudge if Rajapaksa wins, reflecting the prospect of an upturn in Chinese investment because of his family’s close ties with Beijing, it said.
- Newshub